Tuesday, May 26, 2020

The Number One Question You Must Ask for General vs. Specific Topics for a Essay

The Number One Question You Must Ask for General vs. Specific Topics for a Essay If you still doubt whether you're able to deal with this kind of assignment for a definition essay alone, we're pleased to inform you that there's an exemplary solution! So, the ideal start would be to interpret this kind of assignment for a definition essay as a way to define and understand its features that have to be preserved. Generally there are usually some kind of small quantity of examples. A very clear case of a completer collector would be, for instance, the person who makes the decision to collect a copy of each one of the books written by a specific author. By the way, you should be aware that readers expect you to supply deductive summaries throughout a document, especially in lengthy documents. Naturally, you can begin with a broader concept, and bring the audience to your principal statement. The interview was on a favorite podcast named Longform that spends a great quantity of time one-on-one with writers asking them about their process and fashion. To start with, your key to winning essay is a very clear comprehension of what you're likely to handle. The General vs. Specific Topics for a Essay Cover Up Furthermore, Reddit allows for cross-posting, or listing the exact content in various subs, which assists users add their content to the appropriate channel when it may be applicable for at least 1 area. Creatin hubs is comparable to creating lenses, as they permit you to create hubs about specific topics associated with the content on your site and you also would be permitted to leave links to your site on the hub. Last, sinc e users are categorizing content into subs when it's authored, it makes it simpler to maintain and organize the data in a manner that offers instantaneous and long-lasting price. As a result, they engage in real time discussion. Tongue learning is going to have to develop in case non-native authors really are a levels. Specific objective are usually expressed regarding the student, and they're unequivocal, meaning they're expressed clearly and have just one interpretation. If you're a teacher, these programs are designed especially for you. Mainly with the aim of the true start part to obtain a person's individual field, making simple practical knowledge associated with `languages'. More particularly, in the last few decades, individuals and companies are now increasingly conscious of the worth of private data. Savvy businesses utilize social media as an effective strategic advertising and marketing tool. Companies are more mindful of the value that designers can offer. C ompanies which have design at the forefront of their company will win over others. Sustainability is great for humanity and company, but social innovation is going to be better for humanity and businesses. Gone are the times when business treated social media as a lengthened focus group. Small small business associations are very similar to trade associations. A little small business association will put on an expo that encompasses everything which you have to know about running a business, such as different software vendors, cash register vendors or anything else that you want to run a little biz. The Lost Secret of General vs. Specific Topics for a Essay Any selling price in order to farmers will likely be greater apart looking by a the identical option connected with commencement. Though wanting to be sure you package by means of all of them. A superb start is a guarantee of succeeding. At exactly the same time hoping to help package with individuals. That means you can create lenses related to the topics dealt with on your site. In the same style, pc b and qsl files had been likewise for a while created to produce certain you psychic readings because of some type of correlational review. A PDF is also readily available for every one of the 14 modules, which might act as a convenient resource in clinical settings. In the lenses you may include links to your website. There's an array of essay types, and every one of them are able to assist you in developing your abilities and widening your knowledge. Moreover, the modules can act as a resource to clinicians wishing to review evidence-based details on specific topics. Before you commence monitoring the networks you will need to ask yourself what you really will need to understand.

Friday, May 15, 2020

Human Behavior And The Way Humans Function - 1732 Words

To draw conclusions about human behavior and the way humans function, personality theory uses a distinct perspective. Behaviorists essentially focus on an individual’s behavior, and how environment affects that behavior. In the case of Ms. Smith, she has experienced cognitive decline for the past five years, as well as a change in personality and behavior within the past year. Ms. Smith struggles with remembering responsibilities such as paying bills and other mundane activities; she has difficulty staying attentive and a tendency to misplace possessions. She is under the delusion that people are out to get her. A therapeutic diagnosis to Ms. Smith’s condition could possibly suggest that she suffers from schizophrenia, clinical depression or simply a disconnect with others. Behaviorists believe environmental factors play a big role in the evolution of a person, suggesting that a learned behavior can be unlearned. Ms. Smith’s illness must be interpreted as a resul t of maladaptive learning; root causes do not reflect symptoms such as hers. A behaviorist would primarily focus on Ms. Smith’s physical symptoms, such as her poor balance, difficulty coordinating movements, and inability to drive. Her overall behavior has radicalized, she has developed an abnormal behavior towards others and with herself causes an imbalance in her ability to physically do things, including the simplest tasks. Her physical symptoms are the result of her psychological psyche which involvesShow MoreRelatedHuman Resource Management : An Optimizing Role For Shaping Organizational And Employee Behavior Essay1576 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction The primary function of Human Resource Management is increasing the effectiveness and contribution of employees in the attainment of organization’s goals and objectives. For attaining the goals of the organization, the employees need to work effectively and perform at their best. To get appropriate outcome, the human resource department considers aspects like, equal employment opportunity, affirmative action, human resource planning, recruitment and selection, human resource developmentRead MoreEssay on Understanding Consciousness1728 Words   |  7 PagesUnderstanding Consciousness This paper encompasses an analysis of physiological psychology, the relationship between the human nervous system and behavior, and an evaluation of historical figures in the field of physiological psychology The Biopsychological Approach to Understanding Consciousness The process of understanding awareness can be complex. Understanding that there are different spectrums of consciousness and that each type represents different principles is the best approach to understandingRead MoreNatural Sciences And Human Sciences1560 Words   |  7 PagesK nowledgecan be defined in different ways, as noted by the Oxford dictionary, â€Å"knowledge is the understanding of facts, information or skills acquired through experience and education , such as learning, communication, reasoning and discovering new abilities†. Even though at first some areas of knowledge sought to either transform or describe the world, nowadays they do both an example of this are natural sciences. Years ago science was trying to describe how the world around us worked, but thanksRead MoreComputer Vs. Artificial Intelligence926 Words   |  4 PagesHumans and computers both originate from man whether it be biologically or mechanically. Both humans and computers A man can have a plethora of children and also build a computer. As both his Both computers and man are a creation of man. When faced with a problem, human and computers seem to come to a solution in similar ways. In both cases, information is â€Å"placed† in humans and computers by other humans. However, knowing information does not making a single being intelligence, understanding andRead MoreFree Will And The Science Of The Brain1247 Words   |  5 Pagesin Charge?: Free Will and the Science of the Brain†. The author has made several points about the topic and has shared some researchers which either proves that the point is right or shows that it is quite wrong. However, his main argument is that human beings have been made believe the fact that their minds control the functioning of the whole body and all their thought process, as well as all the things they do, is not the correct assumption. The two parts of the brain are not even familiar withRead MoreAdvanced Level Of Technology And The Human Brain999 Words   |  4 Pagesintelligence and eventually out perform the human brain. The problem is not just a struggle between the human brain and the computer processing unit of a machine, but whether or not human engineering and programing is as good or better than mother nature and evolution is or will ever be. The race to develop artificial intelligence that is capable cognitive awareness ultimately turns into a battle between the evolutionary process of nature and the accelerated progress of human science. However, scienc e and natureRead MoreThe Question in the Origins of Psychology is What Drives Us and Why722 Words   |  3 Pages The understanding of ourselves and the humans around us has been studied by many great historical scholars such as Aristotle and Descartes. Scholars like these would ask psychological questions about what drives us and why. It was not until the late nineteenth century that psychological research was considered as its own scientific discipline. Psychology began in 1879 when a man named Wilhelm Wundt set up a psychology laboratory in Leipzig, Germany. This laboratory would be considered the birthRead MoreThe Theory By Charles Darwin Theory1371 Words   |  6 Pages which triggered the development of Maslow’s need hierarchy theory. This theory is based on human needs, thoughts and the desire to be accepted and fit in society. In this theory, Maslow organizes needs in hierarchical from lower to higher order. The philosopher believed that once a lower need has been satisfied it ceases to motivate the preceding need, therefore changing how a person reacts and functions daily. (Maslow, 1974). The next higher need activates and becomes a motivating factor to achieveRead MoreUniversal Ethics Is It Nature Vs. Nurture999 Words   |  4 Pagesit nature vs. nurture? Do we act the way we do in light of the fact that and simply because of the chemical responses in our brains? On the other hand, is it results of the way our parents/guardians have raised us and our friends/associates have affected our behavior in some way shape or form? Michael Gazzaniga, a professor of psychology, concluded that it is possible that our brains are predisposed and that we don’t have free will. Ethics are rules of behavior based on ideas about what is morallyRead MoreFoundations of Psychology771 Words   |  4 Pagesinvolving the scientific study of mental processes and behavior. There is some tension between scientific psychology (with its program of empirical res earch) and applied psychology (dealing with a number of areas). Psychologists attempt to explain the mind and brain in the context of real life. In contrast neurologists utilize a physiological approach. Psychologists study such phenomena as perception, cognition, emotion, personality, behavior, and interpersonal relationships. Psychology also refers

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Exemplary Leadership Essay - 3093 Words

Nicole Lomupo Examples of Exemplary Leadership I have not plagiarized on any aspect of this assignment. Introduction The Wall Street Journal is a national news source indispensible to corporate industries and business professionals. The publication discloses current information on economics, politics, industry leaders, and international relations. The articles and discussions printed in the Wall Street Journal present readers with an opportunity to gain sufficient expertise about management and leadership. Most importantly, one can depict how these roles are incorporated and utilized in competitive markets. This report is a representation of different leadership styles identified in Wall Street Journal (WSJ) articles discussing the†¦show more content†¦President Obama’s offer encourages positivity for some politicians while another health care incident does not fulfill the same actuality. A perfect example of negative Free-Reign Leadership was made available to the public when the WSJ released Friday’s issue on February 18, 2011. Medicare-Fraud Crackdown Corrals 114, written by Mark Schoofs, Maurice Tamman, and Brent Kendall, details what may be considered, the largest Medicare fraud account in U.S. history. The authors uncover the alleged schemes that took place in nine cities with 114 suspects penalized on charges. The cases involved numerous incidents where providers were working alone or with a few correspondents and an immense lack of supervision was present. Nobody was monitoring the services being billed or the amount charged. Many of the providers billed the insurance company for services that never occurred (Schoofs, Tamman, and Kendall, 2/28/11, p. A3, U.S. News). Free-Reign Leadership involves trusting individuals enough to allow them to perform tasks unmonitored. Evidently, the Medicare scandal exists as the result of this style of negatively rendered leadership. Examples of Exemplary Leadership As the new health law continues to progress, considerable change sweeps across all areas of the industry. Respective health care professionals must adjust services and procedures accordingly in order to comply with specific guidelines. Decision making amongShow MoreRelatedExemplary Leadership2757 Words   |  12 Pagespart of every organization. The quality of leaders determines the success of the organization. There are exemplary leaders, and there are leaders that can learn a thing or two. What is a leader? Colquitt, Lepine, and Wesson (2011) define leadership as the use of power and influence to direct the activities of followers toward goal achievement (p. 451). This analysis will chronicle an exemplary leader that many other leaders can learn from. The analysis will assess the leaders use of sources of organizationalRead MoreThe Art Of Exemplary Leadership2113 Words   |  9 Pages The Art of Exemplary Leadership I am founder of an early stage startup. I am building an application that organizations will use to enable on the job learning and open innovation. I was able to take bold step of opening startup because I have confidence on my abilities and my leadership. I was fortunate that I was trained on the practices of exemplary leadership. These practices are very effective. I had a primary question earlier - can leadership be learnt or not? Two years ago my answer wasRead MoreThe Five Practices Of Exemplary Leadership1527 Words   |  7 PagesModel the Way The Five Practices of Exemplary Leadership are important to all good leaders and good practices to instill in themselves and others. They are Model the Way, Inspire a Shared Vision, Challenge the Process, Enable Others to Act, and Encourage the Heart. If one incorporates these five practices they are sure to be a good leader. For me personally, I feel, Model the Way, is the most important. As I discuss my reasons why I feel it is the most important, you may end up feeling the sameRead MoreThe Five Practices Of Exemplary Leadership962 Words   |  4 Pagesprimer on relational based leadership using their Five Practices of Exemplary Leadership. Based on over 20 years of research on leadership, using sources from throughout the world, the Five Practices of Exemplary Leadership are described as a foundation for success in all areas of leadership. The Five Practices – Model the Way, Inspire a Shared Vision, Challenge the Process, Enable Others to Act, and Encourage the Heart pr ovide a framework for ensuring that leadership is viewed from the perspectiveRead MoreExemplary Leadership Truly Matters Essay2953 Words   |  12 PagesExemplary Leadership truly Matters May 22, 2011 Abstract Leadership theories have been extensively studied, developed, and applied to understand the impact they bestow on organizations. This assignment evaluates and reflects on the leadership style of my former graduate advisor, mentor, and friend through a critical analysis examining organizational power, contingency factors, influence tactics, ethical issues, and decision-making style. This paper describes my advisor’s transformationalRead MoreThe Five Practices of Exemplary Leadership Essay1632 Words   |  7 Pagesoneself and have the confidence that whatever you say will excite and what you do can motivate others. You must be optimistic about what you do, do have some relevance for being in existence. Believe it or not, â€Å"leadership begins with you†. Consequently the five Practices of Exemplary Leadership are: 1. Model the way- â€Å"leading by example†, and demonstrate the concepts regarding the manner in which individuals should be treated and the way our aspirations should be followed. 2. Inspire a Shared Vision-Read MoreExemplary Leadership2552 Words   |  11 Pagesa peer manager that has influenced my leadership. It will examine my observations of the individual and the impact that it has had on me. Intro In my profession, I have had the opportunity to be in the company of many types of people. I have seen various management styles, on many different levels. For some, the experience was quite pleasant, and for others, it made me question my own style of management. There are four decision making styles of leadership; autocratic, consultative, facilitativeRead MoreWhale Rider : An Exemplary Film Of Feminism And Women Coming Into Leadership Roles889 Words   |  4 PagesDani Colyer Anthropology Professor Doumani 9 December 2014 Whale Rider Whale Rider is an exemplary film of feminism and women coming into leadership roles. This entire film is example of discrimination between male and female. Whale Rider is the story of a female that constantly tries to be the leader of the tribe even though she is a female. The biggest gender role breakthrough for this tribe is when Paikea finally becomes the first female leader of the Maori tribe. The film â€Å"Whale Rider† isRead MoreThe Transformational Leadership Approach Based On Command And Control1625 Words   |  7 Pagesstyle of leadership an organization’s leadership uses has a significant effect on the organization. What leaders do and how they do it matters. A transactional leadership approach based on command and control is not effective at addressing the change organizations face. The transformational leadership approach developed in The Leadership Challenge, through the strong and consistent use of the Five Practices of Exemplary Leadership provides organizations with a proven strategic leadership approachRead MoreLeadership Of A Healthcare Environment A Follower By Title1077 Words   |  5 Pagespart of a team and deliver what is expected. Followers are just as important to an enterprise success as the leader’s lead. Followership, according to Atchison, is the reciprocal process of leadership (Atchison, 2004) The stigma of followership s kills is, one does not reach progressively more responsible leadership positions without demonstrating an ability to follow and function effectively in a group. The fact is that in organizations everybody is both a leader and a follower depending on the circumstances

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Public Transportation Systems and Technology †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Public Transportation Systems and Technology. Answer: Introduction The transport system is a great link in a country that ensure that the citizens can move from one part of the nation to another. There have been great innovations to improve the condition of the transport system with the advent of technology. A light rail is an efficient tool that provides solutions to the transit problems for commuters in the urban region. The light rail provides socially acceptable solutions that are economically feasible for the users. The light rail network for a city is a means of commuter passage that users a static guideway system founded on the standard railway technology. It is usually modified to meet the requirements of the actual site of implementation. The City planning department in Helsinki defines the light rail system as a modern efficient evolution of a tram system. The light rail runs on its own lane without disturbances and as a result, it ends up being faster compared to the traditional tram. It is a suitable technology that is well suited for th e trunk lines of public transport. It gives a larger passenger capacity compared to the bus system. The light rail tram extends to about 45 meters in length(CPD, n.d.). the light rail transit aims at providing comfortable travel. The electric motor in the LRT tram is remarkably quiet and causes the travelers no noise disturbance. The wheels tend to produce slightly little noise. The greatest aim of using the LRT is that they ease traffic as there are more people travelling in the LRT trams as opposed to driving their personal vehicles. The construction of the light rail is much cheaper than the construction of a metro line. The rail network study shows the investment costs calculated for each kilometer that is constructed. The following figure shows a tram running on the LRT, The LRT is gaining popularity globally as there has been significant investments made on the project in many countries in Europe. The LRT lines have connected many states and cities opening up areas that were remote as well as enabling commuters to move about efficiently and economically. Cities such as Stockholm, Strasbourg, Reims, Dublin, Paris, and Manchester have implemented the LRT network and are reaping benefits from the project(Laituri, 2010). The objective of the project is to ensure that more people have access to affordable transport in an ecologically conservative manner. According to the periodical for the metro, LTR and tram system in Europe, the light rail is a public transport system that is permanently guided by at least a single rail. It is operated in urban, suburban, and remote regional environments. It has some self-propelled vehicles that are operated on or off the general road and pedestrian traffic. It is a classical tram and a metro when it is fully segregate d. The whole of Europe has about 176 public transport systems which traverse about 14,767 kilometers in total. The separation from general road traffic is obtained by the reservation of lanes that are clearly marked using flat curbstones(ERRAC Roadmaps, 2013). Conceptual Design The system engineering process begins when a need or problem is identified where a gap is felt. The major step is to identify the problem, next one can then define the need for specific system capability which is responsive. A need analysis is performed when the problem is identified. Advanced system planning and architecting follows the need analysis documentation which is done after a need for a new or improved system is identified. The project management principles seek to control the groundwork of systems engineering management plan (SEMP) and the system condition feeds into the program implementation. The system design for the new system requires the design team to recognize the various system level design tactics or alternatives that are pursued in retort to the need. A feasibility analysis is conducted to evaluate the viable approaches to find the most desirable system implementation. Some of the factors to consider for a successful system output are such as a sustainable support, the life cycle economic criteria, the performance based on a scorecard, as well as the effectiveness and maintenance. The market for metro is characterized by the huge development potential in infrastructure and its efficient roll out(Pallman, n.d.). The project team members are selected to suit the project needs and ensure that all the sectors are taken care of. The team members involved in determining the financial or economic feasibility of the project discern that the project is better to implement than constructing a metro. The light rail transit network has more economic benefits than the metro a nd it has economies of scale. Need Definition Identification The transport system has always had issues with traffic control. The traffic management and the railway construction institutions work hand in hand to eliminate the issue of traffic. More so, travelling from remote areas to the urban areas formerly required on to book a flight. Flights tend to be too expensive and the procedure involved can be quite tedious. The main lines have an attribute of being permanent and inadaptable to change. There is a great need to cater for the reputable travel patterns. Such a move ensures that the implementation of the LRT is seamless and well-presented into the existing public transport system. Travel demands continuously increase and keep on existing in the established mainline corridors and service will have to be provided. The light rails solve the issues of excessive traffic on the main lines(Pushkarev, 2007). The transport system has for a long time required a system that runs on the mainland unlike the metro that passes underground and is very expensive to construct. The construction of the LRT ensures that environmental concerns are taken care of as the public transport is eased. Need for relief on the traffic on the mainland Need for transport that interlinks regions especially the cities, the urban centers, and the rural regional areas. Project AIMS and Objaectives To expand the transportation options throughout and beyond a city using the light rail transit services and the alteration of the current bus routes. To attract more business opportunities in the remote areas that are linked to the urban centers as well as provide a more effective means of transport for the adjacent businesses. The project aims at opening up regions that are close to the light rails to incorporate more businesses. The businesses being run within the vicinity of the light rail tracks are cautioned of the need to have space for the new means of transport as a safety measure. The City Planning Development team handles the project of the construction of the Light Rail Transit (LRT) network for the urban city of region. The project planners and designers work hand in hand with the relevant project stakeholders. They create a multi-stage process that seeks to review, develop, assess, and identify the preferred design(Vuchic, V, R, n.d.). Safety and security are to be precedence contemplations in the planning and execution of all work on a light rail system. Some of the conceptual design decisions are made based on the following factors, Safety and security Service delivery Schedule and time constraint Key Design Criteria There has been a great improvement in the metal industry. The material needed to construct the foundation of the light rails must be environmentally friendly and it must be strong enough to support the trams that run on it. There is need to consider the safety of the other forms of transport. Some of the light rails pass through the pedestrian crossing and the common roads. The constructors must come up with distinctive road signs and electric warning signs to inform the road users of oncoming trams. This is crucial in the protection of the pedestrians and the drivers on roads as well as the passengers in the tram. The tram has a very large capacity hence a minor fault could injure a lot of human lives. The introduction of the LRT aims at increasing the productivity both of the land and personnel. There is a great necessity for increased yield in the main lines. Some of the key factors to take keen interest in while doing the construction are: Extent of the line or the feeder sections The location of the station and the spacing between the stations The full or partial segregation of the guideway The possibility of the intrusion and accessibility Change of mode split The choice of corridor Environmental conservation and the amounts of energy saving Segregation is a key factor in the construction of the light rail transit. When it is fully segregated from the mainland, it reflects the metro system of transport(Schneider, J. B.,, n.d.). When it is partially segregated, it follows that the rails pass on the mainland and they cross through the common roads and pedestrian crossing area. The following are some of the degree of the guideway segregation, Completely segregated, no intersection with other modes, all junctions grade separated Segregated except for barrier protected grade crossing and at the level junctions. Sharing the right of way with other pedestrians in the transit malls or with other modes of transport such as the buses. It is, therefore, possible for emergency vehicles and taxis to pass through or gain the right of way. The system could be designed such that they share the right of way with other road traffic. The lightweight passenger rail cars operate on a two-rail track that is similar to the rail road tracks for the common railway transport system. They are driven electronically with power drawn from an overhead electric line(Wilson,Ihrig Assoc. LTD, n.d.). They usually run on the street with a constant right of way as they do not stop to give way to other forms of traffic. On the contrary, pedestrians and other automobiles, give way to the trams. Owing to the fact that the light rail tracks pass within the mainland, it is advisable to have a change of the bus routes. The new routes are chosen based upon the amount of the traffic in a given area. The ridership potential in a given area and the areas that were formerly serviced by railroad lines. The project is set to stimulate urban redevelopment(Newman, 2008). It provides transportation for the low-income travelers. The system serves as a catalyst towards a more comprehensive transit network. The network promotes a transit oriented d evelopment such that the centralized business and residential zones encourage transit use while lessening dependence on autos(CornWell, E. L, 2009). Some of the light rails have been in operation and the ridership has increased and exceeded the estimated projection. There is nearly 40% of the passenger population new to the public transit system(Light Rail Now NewsLog, 2010). The conservative estimate is closer to the real opportunity cost of the capital. It reflects the actual market rate of the investment when the discount rate and benefit-cost ratio are analyzed (Minnesota Department of Transportation, 2012). Conclusion In a nutshell, there is more benefit from implementing the light rail transit as a newer mode of transport in the transport system. There is a system operational as seen in most nations. Introducing a new system requires a lot of planning and consultation to ensure that the new system does not conflict with the current system. The light rail connects and opens up a region as it traverses longer distances as compared to the bus system. The LRT is much faster and has a larger capacity. This is a great investment especially for a country that wishes to ease traffic on the main road system. The commuters are able to live in the remote regions and still travel to the urban areas for work purposes. The project of the LRT in Edmonton was able to provide a safe, environmentally conducive, and large capacity LRT system that runs through the cities and other regions. References Andrle, S. e. a., n.d. Security Considerations in the Design and Operation of Rapid Transit Stations. Transportation Research Record 760, Volume 760, pp. 23-89. CornWell, E. L, 2009. Modern Permanent Way. Modern Railways 3 Part Article, London, pp. 32-45. CPD, H., n.d. City of Helsinki City Planning Department: Light rail. [Online] Available at: https://www.hel.fi/ksv/en [Accessed 21 August 2017]. ERRAC Roadmaps, 2013. The European Rail Research advisory Council: The FP7 project of ERRAC. [Online] Available at: https://www.errac.org/ Laituri, 2010. City of Helsinki: Light rail Network. City Planning Department, 17 may, pp. 1-20. Light Rail Now NewsLog, 2010. Minneapolis:Nearly 40% of light rail riders are new to transit. [Online] Available at: https://www.lightrailnow.org/news/n_newslog002.htm#MIN_20050216 Minnesota Department of Transportation, 2012. Final Hiawartha Corridor LRT Benefit-Cost Analysis. [Online]. Newman, O., 2008. Defensible space: Crime Prevention through urban design. 2 ed. New York: McMillan. Pallman, W., n.d. Modern Light Rail, Proceedings of 44th Annual Congress. U.I.T.P., Volume Brussels. Pushkarev, B. . Z., 2007. Urban Rail in America ? An Exploration of Criteria for Fixed?Guideway Transit, U.S. Department of Transportation report. Washington D.C: UMTA?NY?06?0061?80?1. Schneider, J. B.,, n.d. Transit and teh Polycentic City. U.S Department of Transportation publication, Volume DOT-1-81-33, pp. 81-133. Vuchic, V, R, n.d. URban public transportation systems and technology. 2nd ed. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall. Wilson,Ihrig Assoc. LTD, n.d. T.T.C Test No. 12 Heavy Rail RD 115/1 YSNE- N V study. s.l.:s.n.